We use an artefactual field experiment to examine the long-term effects of exposure to the Cambodian genocide which lasted from 1975 to 1979 on individuals’ pro-social and anti-social behavior and risk preferences. Our results show that individuals who were exposed to the genocide during childhood and adolescence are less trusting, less altruistic and more risk averse than those who were not exposed. We find some suggestive evidence that exposure to genocide could lead to vindictive and fraudulent behavior. Our results are corroborated by survey data and questions on personality traits. The findings suggest that direct exposure to genocide during childhood and adolescence has a lasting impact on social capital and on attitudes towards risk. It could also make individuals less extraverted and agreeable.